Oh man, this is a can of worms that shouldn't even be opened unless you know how these systems interact with each other. I know the reason why dealers wont let you do this sort of thing unless you order the part from them. It's very similar to what happened with me when I was doing an engine swap in the pony. I ran into the issue of having my new (used) instrument cluster denied being programmed by the ford dealership with corrected mileage from the original cluster.
So here's the deal. The dealership wants you to buy the part brand new so that they can have it programmed by GM with the correct information of the vehicle so that way they can drop it in and make sure everything matches correctly. If none of the information is correct, the car won't start. So for example, If the security key in the ECM is different from the instrument cluster or ignition assembly it start flashing the anti-theft light and cuts ignition and fuel so the car can't start.
There is also the issue of, if you don't buy the right ECU for the right year vehicle. Believe it or not, there are parameter changes between the years in how the engine is tuned due to hardware changes or what features are installed in the car. So you really have to watch out for stuff like this when messing with a car's computer systems